Statistics of conductance and shot-noise power for chaotic cavities

We report on an analytical study of the statistics of conductance, $g$, and shot-noise power, $p$, for a chaotic cavity with arbitrary numbers $N_{1,2}$ of channels in two leads and symmetry parameter $\beta = 1,2,4$. With the theory of Selberg's integral the first four cumulants of $g$ and first two cumulants of $p$ are calculated explicitly. We give analytical expressions for the conductance and shot-noise distributions and determine their exact asymptotics near the edges up to linear order in distances from the edges. For $0<g<1$ a power law for the conductance distribution is exact. All results are also consistent with numerical simulations.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Proc. of the 3rd Workshop on Quantum Chaos and Localisation Phenomena, Warsaw, Poland, May 25-27, 200

The distibution of Elatine hydropiper L. (Elatinaceae)

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Multiplying unitary random matrices - universality and spectral properties

In this paper we calculate, in the large N limit, the eigenvalue density of an infinite product of random unitary matrices, each of them generated by a random hermitian matrix. This is equivalent to solving unitary diffusion generated by a hamiltonian random in time. We find that the result is universal and depends only on the second moment of the generator of the stochastic evolution. We find indications of critical behavior (eigenvalue spacing scaling like $1/N^{3/4}$) close to $\theta=\pi$ for a specific critical evolution time $t_c$.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure

Seed morphometric characteristics of European species of Elatine (Elatinaceae)

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High-sensitivity troponin I concentrations are a marker of an advanced hypertrophic response and adverse outcomes in patients with aortic stenosis

Aims: High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assays hold promise in detecting the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure in aortic stenosis. We sought to investigate the mechanism for troponin release in patients with aortic stenosis and whether plasma cTnI concentrations are associated with long-term outcome. Methods and results: Plasma cTnI concentrations were measured in two patient cohorts using a high-sensitivity assay. First, in the Mechanism Cohort, 122 patients with aortic stenosis (median age 71, 67% male, aortic valve area 1.0 ± 0.4 cm2) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance and echocardiography to assess left ventricular (LV) myocardial mass, function, and fibrosis. The indexed LV mass and measures of replacement fibrosis (late gadolinium enhancement) were associated with cTnI concentrations independent of age, sex, coronary artery disease, aortic stenosis severity, and diastolic function. In the separate Outcome Cohort, 131 patients originally recruited into the Scottish Aortic Stenosis and Lipid Lowering Trial, Impact of REgression (SALTIRE) study, had long-term follow-up for the occurrence of aortic valve replacement (AVR) and cardiovascular deaths. Over a median follow-up of 10.6 years (1178 patient-years), 24 patients died from a cardiovascular cause and 60 patients had an AVR. Plasma cTnI concentrations were associated with AVR or cardiovascular death HR 1.77 (95% CI, 1.22 to 2.55) independent of age, sex, systolic ejection fraction, and aortic stenosis severity. Conclusions: In patients with aortic stenosis, plasma cTnI concentration is associated with advanced hypertrophy and replacement myocardial fibrosis as well as AVR or cardiovascular death

NMR and biochemical studies

RNA‐containing vesicles, recovered from the supernatant of high‐density cell samples of human colon carcinoma, produce a high‐resolution 1H NMR spectrum of lipids characterized by isotropic tumbling; these vesicles contain large amounts of triglycerides and cholesterol esters. Both findings have strict analogies to what is displayed by the proteolipid complexes isolated from the sera of tumor‐bearing patients [(1985) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 3455–3459; (1986) FEBS Lett. 203, 164–168]. Lipid analysis and enzymatic tests indicate that these vesicles are selected micromaps of plasma membranes, analogous to those that can be recovered from culture media in which tumor cells are grown [(1985) Dev. Biol. 3, 33–57]. Peculiar lipids, an acylated oligopeptide and a modified phospholipid, are also present in the vesicles

Heralded generation of entangled photon pairs

Entangled photons are a crucial resource for quantum communication and linear optical quantum computation. Unfortunately, the applicability of many photon-based schemes is limited due to the stochastic character of the photon sources. Therefore, a worldwide effort has focused in overcoming the limitation of probabilistic emission by generating two-photon entangled states conditioned on the detection of auxiliary photons. Here we present the first heralded generation of photon states that are maximally entangled in polarization with linear optics and standard photon detection from spontaneous parametric down-conversion. We utilize the down-conversion state corresponding to the generation of three photon pairs, where the coincident detection of four auxiliary photons unambiguously heralds the successful preparation of the entangled state. This controlled generation of entangled photon states is a significant step towards the applicability of a linear optics quantum network, in particular for entanglement swapping, quantum teleportation, quantum cryptography and scalable approaches towards photonics-based quantum computing

Observations of Past Lunar Landing Sites by the D-CIXS X-Ray Spectrometer on SMART-1

D-CIXS initial observations show a first unambiguous remote sensing of calcium in the lunar regolith. Data obtained are broadly consistent with current understanding of mare and highland composition. Ground truth is provided by the returned Apollo and Luna sample sets